This type of mouse features a fixed base and is equipped with a perfectly round ball, often depicted in red. It can be integrated directly into a computer keyboard or placed on a base independent of the rest of the equipment. By rolling the sphere, the user sends information to the various sensors inside the device. If it involves numerical commands, we refer to abscissa or ordinate movement signals. For optical commands, we talk about sensors sending images to the console. On the latter, it will be possible to notice small black dots on the surface of the sphere. In both cases, it operates the cursor like a traditional mouse. The ball can be manipulated in several ways: with the hand, the thumb, or even with the fingers. Buttons are also accessible on the mouse to allow for action commands. There are rarely more than three on the base to maintain ergonomics within the reach of fingers.

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Wikipedia also presents the trackball here.

Compared to a traditional mouse, the hardened trackball (or industrial trackball) offers various advantages for users. Indeed, it allows for cursor movement without having to move the entire casing, as is the case with contemporary mice. This device helps avoid constant stress on body parts such as the wrist, hands, arms, or shoulders of the user. Therefore, goodbye to tendonitis and muscle tension caused by the intensive and uncomfortable use of the classic mouse.

Moreover, as a fixed device, the trackball helps prevent accidentally moving the mouse, thus avoiding the clumsy gestures that can quickly ruin days of work. Finally, unlike a traditional mouse, there is no need to have a mouse pad to use this process. It therefore represents a space-saving solution for small offices, adapting well to both right-handed and left-handed users.

However, because the industrial trackball is used with a sphere, it has certain drawbacks, especially for the inexperienced user. Thus, using such equipment can hinder a certain precision of movement. This type of mouse is more oriented towards military fields (where the most hardened trackballs are found) or computer-aided design than towards graphics or gaming, which demand sometimes surgical precision. Particularly demanding, the sphere is associated with expert fields rather than amateur users. Additionally, the ball requires much more frequent cleaning and weekly maintenance for optimal use.

Nevertheless, with plenty of practice and a touch of care, the drawbacks disappear, allowing for comfortable and precise use. This mouse is truly professional equipment that, akin to sports gear, represents the high end of its category. Testing it is tantamount to adopting it without question.